FIRST AID'S PRINCIPLES

PRINCIPLES OF FIRST AID (SCOPE)

Ø  First aid

Ø  Aims of first aid

Ø  First aider

Ø  Qualities of a first aider

Ø  Treatment priority

Ø  First aid formula

  

WHAT IS FIRST AID ❓

Definition: First aid is the first initial ( skills) help or assistance given to an injured person or who is suddenly ill before taking he/she to the nearest point of treatment or before  doctor /ambulance arrived.

 WHAT ARE THE AIMS OF FIRST AID ❓

1) To (preserve) or to save lives

2) To limit the worsening of the condition.

3) To promote recovery.

 WHAT TO OBSERVE IN AIM NUMBER (1) ONE

To preserve or to save lives:

Assess the casualty

Airway (open)

Breathing (check)

Chest compression

 Control Bleeding

WHAT TO OBSERVE IN AIM NUMBER (2) TWO

 To limit the worsening of the condition:

 Examine the casualty

 Make diagnosis

 Give priority to the serious injured.

 Consider possibility of secondary condition.

WHAT TO OBSERVE IN AIM NUMBER (3) THREE

To promote recovery:

 Relieve discomfort, pain and anxiety.

 Reassure the casualty.

 Get medical aid as fast as possible.

WHO IS A FIRST AIDER ❓

A first aider is the person who undergone first aid training , qualified and certified to give first aid.

QUALITIES OF A GOOD FIRST AIDER

1) Knowledgeble

2) Observant

3) Resourceful

4) Gently

5) Tactful

6) Sympathetic

7) Tidy

Breaking down the qualities one after the other:

 KNOWLEDGEBLE = you must train or have knowledge on first aid.

 OBSERVANT = you have to be alert or paying attention.

 RESOURCEFUL = capable to use available or local material .

 GENTLE = you have to be kind of what you are doing .

 TACTFUL = dealing with people in a sensitive ,tact way.

 SYMPATHETIC = ability to feel pity or sorrow for the suffering or distress .

 TIDY = you have to be clean, arrange neatly and in order .

TREATMENT PRIORITY:

Breathing  - It can be unconscious and breathing casualty or unconscious non breathing casualty.

Bleeding  -  It can be severe or embedded UNDER ➡internal or external bleeding.

Burn -  It can be superficial, partial or fullthickness known as first, second and third degree of burns.

Broken bones - Deal with fracture, it can be open ,close ,complicated and green stick fracture.

Others

OTHERS MEANS CAUSES OF UNCONSCIOUSNESS OR (MEDICAL CONDITION)

F= fainting

I= imbalance body heat

S= shock

H= heart attack

S= stroke

H= head injury

A= anaphylactic shock

P= poison

E= epilepsy

D= diabetes

FIRST AID FORMULA

D= Danger

R= Response

A= Airway

B= Breathing

C= Compress

D= Defibrillator

D= DANGER: make sure there is no danger for first aider, casualty and bystanders. for Adults, children and infants.

R = RESPONSE: try to get response of ADULTS AND CHILDRENS by asking questions and gently shaking the casualty shoulder

FOR INFANTS: Tap there feets, shout and CALL FOR HELP

A = AIRWAY (OPEN) : gently tilts the head backward and lifts the chin by using Two (✌) fingers,

FOR INFANTS one finger please.

B = BREATHING (CHECK): look for chest movement , listen to breath sound and feel for breath warm in your cheek NOT MORE THAN 10 seconds.

D = DEFIBRILLATOR: an (AED) automated external defibrillator is a device that send an electric shock to the heart that will restore the natural heart of the casualty.

CAUTIONS PLEASE ‼❌❌❌

1) make sure that no❌one is touching the casualty.

2) do not turn off the AED or remove the pads at any point.

3) it does not matter if the AED pads are reverse.

4) shave casualty’s chest with much hair

5) clean away sweat from the casualty chest.

 NEVER USE AN AED ON AN INFANTS UNDER ONE YEAR PLEASE ❌❌

An automated external defibrillator is a device that sends an electric shock to the heart that will restore the natural heart of the casualty.